should be stated that there are several options for printing reports through a Visual Basic program – reports can be created through a "report designer" application such as Crystal Reports, the VB Data Report Designer, the MS-Access Reports feature, and third-party products such as Active Reports; the functionality of MS-Excel and MS-Word can also be harnessed to print from VB. Still, there are times when a basic plain-text printout will do just fine, and the overhead of the aforementioned products is not necessary. The native VB Printer object can be used to produce a basic plain-text printout with low processing overhead. While the Printer object can be used to produce "fancy" printouts with various graphics, lines, boxes, and a mixture of fonts, we're having none of that here.
This sample application produces an "old school" plain text report with one font, Courier New 10 point. With a monospaced font like Courier, we can determine the number of characters that will fit on one line and the number of lines that will fit on one page. By knowing the number of characters that can fit on one line, we can plan the format of the data to be presented. By knowing the number of lines that will fit on one page, we can use logic to perform page breaks and print headings when a page fills up with data. Assuming a standard page size of 8 ½ by 11, we can fit approximately 80 characters per line (with extra characters for a left margin), and 60 lines per page (with extra lines for a top margin).
The application reads in a comma-delimited text file of customer records. Each record contains the following fields: last name, first name, address, city, state, and zip code. The determination for how these fields are to be laid out on the printed line is as follows: 19 characters for the first and last name combined, 1 space separator, 26 characters for the address, 1 space separator, 23 characters for the city, 1 space separator, 2 characters for the state, 2 space separator, 5 characters for the zip code. Main headings with date, time, and page number as well as column headings will appear at the top of each page. An excerpt of the printed report is shown below:
Print Date: 04/13/05 THE VBPROGRAMMER.COM Page: 1
Print Time: 22:32:12 CUSTOMER LIST
CUSTOMER NAME ADDRESS CITY ST ZIP
------------- ------- ---- -- ---
Dorothy Durgan 900 Fergusson Fountain Fousmarck IL 94815
Liana Donnelly 210 Chapman Way Ontamden KY 76925
Carolyn Ullrich 310 Charm Gardens Camdeven LA 80590
Lavonne Hamill 520 Carnegy Circle Champacoma RI 13211
Brandi Davis 520 Esplanade Park Long Camderden ID 02841
Rocco Emard 520 Redmond Avenue Clevernton KS 04223
Lilliana Becker 430 Carnac Drive Norfowtucket AR 14962
Jaquelin King 340 Christmas Drive Evansvivis MI 41296
Emmy Walter 440 Chapman End Norwaron WI 84848
Abril Hahn 840 Library Close Bouldegas Plains KS 79763
Ashtyn Conn 940 Semantic Avenue Bristopeka Vista RI 10534
Reba Watsica 150 Portuguese Circle Councintation TX 93872
Michel Crooks 550 Old Stage Circle Coraston NE 39978
Wilda Bogisich 460 Marine Street Cloviple MI 19259
Bethel Mosciski 660 Sunset Hill Close Roanoma LA 66311
Wyman Spencer 670 Chichester View Loracisco TX 08508
Josiah Hettinger 770 Massen Lane Santa Fullesburg AL 13986
Felicia Jacobs 870 Military Fountain Renolsom AK 24264
Gladyce Conn 580 Gravel Pit Park Comptonix ND 66546
Donnie Auer 880 New Queens Way Washinnetonka HI 07913
Tito Hirthe 980 Bastion Road West Rialtodondo AK 36004
Ulises Satterfield 190 North Williston Park St.Huntsviswell ND 80783
Bailey Sauer 290 Carnac Avenue Austircester MD 94335
Liam Bednar 890 River Cove Fountain Ogdeson LA 69744
The user interface isn't much to speak of. There are two command buttons: "Print Customer List", which causes the above report to be printed, and an "Exit" button which ends the application.
The commented code for this application is shown below. A handful of techniques are introduced here which have not been covered in the previous tutorials, but will be in later tutorials.
Option Explicit
'-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Private Sub cmdPrint_Click()
'-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dim intLineCtr As Integer
Dim intPageCtr As Integer
Dim intX As Integer
Dim strCustFileName As String
Dim strBackSlash As String
Dim intCustFileNbr As Integer
Dim strFirstName As String
Dim strLastName As String
Dim strAddr As String
Dim strCity As String
Dim strState As String
Dim strZip As String
Const intLINE_START_POS As Integer = 6
Const intLINES_PER_PAGE As Integer = 60
' Have the user make sure his/her printer is ready ...
If MsgBox("Make sure your printer is on-line and " _
& "loaded with paper.", vbOKCancel, "Check Printer") = vbCancel _
Then
Exit Sub
End If
' Set the printer font to Courier, if available (otherwise, we would be
' relying on the default font for the Windows printer, which may or
' may not be set to an appropriate font) ...
For intX = 0 To Printer.FontCount - 1
If Printer.Fonts(intX) Like "Courier*" Then
Printer.FontName = Printer.Fonts(intX)
Exit For
End If
Next
Printer.FontSize = 10
' initialize report variables ...
intPageCtr = 0
intLineCtr = 99 ' initialize line counter to an arbitrarily high number
' to force the first page break
' prepare file name & number
strBackSlash = IIf(Right$(App.Path, 1) = "\", "", "\")
strCustFileName = App.Path & strBackSlash & "customer.txt"
intCustFileNbr = FreeFile
' open the input file
Open strCustFileName For Input As #intCustFileNbr
' read and print all the records in the input file
Do Until EOF(intCustFileNbr)
' read a record from the input file and store the fields there into VB variables
Input #intCustFileNbr, strLastName, strFirstName, strAddr, strCity, strState, strZip
' if the number of lines printed so far exceeds the maximum number of lines
' allowed on a page, invoke the PrintHeadings subroutine to do a page break
If intLineCtr > intLINES_PER_PAGE Then
GoSub PrintHeadings
End If
' print a line of data
Printer.Print Tab(intLINE_START_POS); _
strFirstName & " " & strLastName; _
Tab(21 + intLINE_START_POS); _
strAddr; _
Tab(48 + intLINE_START_POS); _
strCity; _
Tab(72 + intLINE_START_POS); _
strState; _
Tab(76 + intLINE_START_POS); _
strZip
' increment the line count
intLineCtr = intLineCtr + 1
Loop
' close the input file
Close #intCustFileNbr
' Important! When done, the EndDoc method of the Printer object must be invoked.
' The EndDoc method terminates a print operation sent to the Printer object,
' releasing the document to the print device or spooler.
Printer.EndDoc
cmdExit.SetFocus
Exit Sub
' internal subroutine to print report headings
'------------
PrintHeadings:
'------------
' If we are about to print any page other than the first, invoke the NewPage
' method to perform a page break. The NewPage method advances to the next
' printer page and resets the print position to the upper-left corner of the
' new page.
If intPageCtr > 0 Then
Printer.NewPage
End If
' increment the page counter
intPageCtr = intPageCtr + 1
' Print 4 blank lines, which provides a for top margin. These four lines do NOT
' count toward the limit of 60 lines.
Printer.Print
Printer.Print
Printer.Print
Printer.Print
' Print the main headings
Printer.Print Tab(intLINE_START_POS); _
"Print Date: "; _
Format$(Date, "mm/dd/yy"); _
Tab(intLINE_START_POS + 31); _
"THE VBPROGRAMMER.COM"; _
Tab(intLINE_START_POS + 73); _
"Page:"; _
Format$(intPageCtr, "@@@")
Printer.Print Tab(intLINE_START_POS); _
"Print Time: "; _
Format$(Time, "hh:nn:ss"); _
Tab(intLINE_START_POS + 33); _
"CUSTOMER LIST"
Printer.Print
' Print the column headings
Printer.Print Tab(intLINE_START_POS); _
"CUSTOMER NAME"; _
Tab(21 + intLINE_START_POS); _
"ADDRESS"; _
Tab(48 + intLINE_START_POS); _
"CITY"; _
Tab(72 + intLINE_START_POS); _
"ST"; _
Tab(76 + intLINE_START_POS); _
"ZIP"
Printer.Print Tab(intLINE_START_POS); _
"-------------"; _
Tab(21 + intLINE_START_POS); _
"-------"; _
Tab(48 + intLINE_START_POS); _
"----"; _
Tab(72 + intLINE_START_POS); _
"--"; _
Tab(76 + intLINE_START_POS); _
"---"
Printer.Print
' reset the line counter to reflect the number of lines that have now
' been printed on the new page.
intLineCtr = 6
Return
End Sub
'-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Private Sub cmdExit_Click()
'-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
End
End Sub
